Fire Safety in Scrap Metal Operations: Identification and Extinguisher Use

MAKE SURE CALL 911 DURING AN EMERGENCY

Introduction

Fire hazards are a serious concern in scrap metal facilities due to the presence of combustible materials, flammable liquids, cutting operations, and metal dust. Knowing how to properly identify fires and use extinguishers can prevent small incidents from becoming catastrophic events.

Step 1: Identify the Fire Type

Before attempting to extinguish any fire, you must first identify what type of fire you’re dealing with. Using the wrong extinguisher can make the situation worse or cause injury.

Common Fire Classes in Scrap Metal Operations

Class A Fires (Ordinary Combustibles)

• Materials: Wood pallets, paper, cardboard, rubber, plastics
• Appearance: Produces ash, glowing embers
• Common locations: Storage areas, offices, sorting stations

Class B Fires (Flammable Liquids)

• Materials: Gasoline, diesel, hydraulic fluids, oils, solvents
• Appearance: Spreads rapidly, produces black smoke
• Common locations: Equipment maintenance areas, fuel storage, hydraulic systems

Class C Fires (Electrical Equipment)

• Materials: Energized electrical equipment, wiring, control panels
• Appearance: May spark, arc, or produce minimal smoke initially
• Common locations: Motors, electrical panels, conveyor systems

Class D Fires (Combustible Metals)

• Materials: Magnesium, aluminum powder, titanium shavings
• Appearance: Extremely bright white flame, intense heat
• Common locations: Shredder operations, metal grinding areas
• WARNING: Never use water on Class D fires

Step 2: Decide Whether to Fight or Evacuate

ONLY attempt to use a fire extinguisher if ALL of the following are true:

1. The fire is small and contained (no larger than a trash can)
2. You have the correct type of extinguisher for the fire class
3. The fire is not between you and your exit route
4. You have been trained in extinguisher use
5. The alarm has been activated and help is on the way
6. You feel confident and safe attempting extinguishment

ALWAYS evacuate and call 911 if:

• The fire is spreading rapidly or is already large
• There is heavy smoke limiting visibility
• You don’t know what’s burning
• You’re dealing with a Class D metal fire without proper equipment
• You feel uncertain or unsafe
• The fire involves pressurized cylinders or bulk fuel storage
• Your extinguisher is empty or malfunctioning

Remember: Your life is more valuable than any property. When in doubt, get out.

Step 3: Using a Fire Extinguisher – The PASS Method

Once you’ve identified the fire type, confirmed you have the correct extinguisher, and determined it’s safe to proceed, follow the PASS technique:

P – Pull the Pin

• Hold the extinguisher with the nozzle pointing away from you
• Pull the safety pin located in the handle
• This breaks the tamper seal and allows you to discharge the extinguisher

A – Aim Low

• Point the nozzle or hose at the base of the fire, not the flames
• Stand approximately 6-8 feet away from the fire
• Keep your back to an exit route

S – Squeeze the Handle

• Squeeze the handle slowly and evenly
• This releases the extinguishing agent
• The agent will discharge in a steady stream or spray

S – Sweep Side to Side

• Sweep the nozzle from side to side at the base of the fire
• Continue until the fire is completely out
• Move carefully closer as the fire diminishes, but maintain a safe distance

Special Considerations for Scrap Metal Facilities

Metal Dust and Fines

Fine metal particles can create explosive dust clouds. Never use compressed air to clean up metal dust, and ensure proper ventilation systems are operational.

Hot Work Operations

During cutting and torch operations, have a fire watch in place and keep an appropriate extinguisher within immediate reach. Continue fire watch for at least 30 minutes after work completion.

Lithium-Ion Batteries

Electric vehicle batteries and consumer electronics in scrap loads pose special fire risks. These require large amounts of water and professional firefighting response. Evacuate immediately if a lithium battery fire is suspected.

After Using an Extinguisher

1. Watch for re-ignition – fires can restart even after appearing extinguished
2. Report the fire to your supervisor immediately
3. Have the extinguisher recharged or replaced – even partially used extinguishers must be serviced
4. Document the incident for safety records

Training and Preparedness

• Participate in annual fire extinguisher training
• Know the locations of all extinguishers in your work area
• Conduct monthly visual inspections of extinguishers
• Ensure clear access to extinguishers at all times
• Review evacuation routes and assembly points regularly

Conclusion

Fire safety in scrap metal operations requires constant vigilance and proper training. Always prioritize personal safety over property protection. When facing a fire, take a moment to assess the situation properly—quick thinking and correct action can save lives and prevent extensive damage.